Water-heater.



PATENTED AUG J. MOGARTNBY.

WATER HEATER. APPLIGATION FILED D3012, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

l0 MODEL.

z m u w ad No. 766,964. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904. J. MOGARTNEY.

WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1903 N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F -2- 27/33- e z 5 No. vee,es4..'

Patented August 9, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MCCARTNEY, OF GLIDNELLEN, CALIFORNIA.

WATER-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. "766,964, dated August 9, 1904.

Application filed December 12, 1903. Serial No. 1%,875. (No model.)

To all whom it may conceive:

Be it known that I, JAMES MOCARTNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at and whose post-office address is in the city of Glenellen, county of Sonoma, and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inWater-Heaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it most nearly appertains to make, use, and practice the same.

' This invention relates to improvements in water-heaters, and more particularly to a heating-disk of novel form and construction, combined with other elements new and old in the art to accomplish thedesired results.

The objects sought to be accomplished are to construct a water-heaterof great simplicity and power without departing too radically from the existing systems of storage and distribution of hot water, and thus accomplishing a great saving in the cost of manufacture.

With these objects in view the invention consists of a eoniform hollow disk forming an'enlarged hollow-disk-like receptacle constituting a spreader. This spreader operates to spread the water over an extend ed heated surface and is provided with inlet and outlet openings, respectively, in its horizontal bottom and at its apex. The inlet is fed from the bottom of the boiler and delivers to the top of the boiler. The disk is heated by aheating means thereunder, the products of combustion escaping upwardly through a central flue through the boiler or in the absence of such flue escaping laterally from beneath the boiler in the event of an overgeneration of heat in excess of the absorbent power of the disk and boiler.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical crosssection of a series of heating-disks and burner constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of a complete water-heater constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 3 is a similar view of a modification of the same. H

In detail the construction consists of a hollow disk A, cast in one integral piece, having the fiat bottom A, having a hollow lug A l thereon, and the conical top A of said disk joins the bottom A at the periphery thereof, converging to the center and terminating in the hollow lug A. The disk must be sufficiently strong to withstand the whole servicewater pressure. Therefore it is advisable to strengthen it by the internal tie-rods A, extending between the top and bottom. These tie-rods are placed by forming the core with holes where the tie-rods are to stand. As the molten metal lills thernold the holes in the core will mold the tie-rods. In instances where a plurality of disks are used the best results are obtained by alternate large and small disks, the larger disks having the openings A therethrough for the passage of a portion of the products of combustion, the walls of these passages acting as tie-rods.

The heating means consists of a gas-burner consisting of a hollow annular mixing-chamber B, into which a mixture of gas and air is liberated through the throat B. The flame escapes through the twyers in the perforated top B The boiler or reservoir C consists of the usual kitchen-boiler modified by riveting the bottom above the lower edge of the shell a suflicient distance to form a chamber for the reception of the heating means within the shell of the boiler and perforating the top and bottom centrally and expanding and heading a boiler-tube between to form an air-passage through the center of the boiler.

The cold water is led into the boiler through the inlet-pipe C in the usual manner and reaches the heating-disk through the connecting-pipe D, which leads downward from near the outer edge of the bottom of the tank, thence across 1D, thence upward, D through the opening in the centerof the burner to the lug A on the bottom of the disk. From the top of the disk the pipe I) leads upwardly within the passage C and connects directly with the service distributing-pipe E. The

combination thus assembled is adapted to be installed and connected, as is common, to the usual kitchen-boiler, with the addition of the necessary fuel connections Gr, using the stand X for free or exposed connections.

The modification shown in Fig. 3 is exactly similar in operation to the combination just described up to the point of delivering the hot water to the boiler. In the modification the common kitchen-boiler of commerce without any alteration is used, the pipe D extending upwardly through the body of water in the tank and terminating near the top of the boiler, the hot water passing into the service-pipe in the usual manner.

The connection and operation of the heater is as follows: The cold water is introduced into the boiler through the pipe G which extends downwardly into the body of the boiler to liberate the cold below the hot water. From the bottom of the tank the cold water is led through the heating means and subjected to the intense heat from the burner and rises and is liberated at the top of the boiler either internally or externally, as the case may be. The flame from the burner rises against the disk, which absorbs the heat in proportion to the exposed surface. The surplus leaves the surface of the disk and is absorbed by the bottom of the boiler, which is always cold, until all the water in the boiler has circulated repea edly through the heating means, when the burner should be shut ofl. There is a constant internal circulation until a faucet in the service system is opened, in which event the water will shunt the boiler and enter directly into the service from the disk. The direct connection from the disk to the service insures hot water immediately after lighting the burner, at the same time permitting the hot water to accumulate within the boiler should no demand be made on the system.

Particular claim is made for the peculiar shape and formation of the disk, which is the result of long and careful experimenting, dur ing which time many patents have been granted to me covering many special forms and connections of disks, &c., in this art. A cardinal principle in water-heating is to enter the cold water at the lowest point and release it at the highest point of the heating device. The action of the water within the disk under the influence of heat is substantially this: Taking cognizance of the cold zone existing in the core of a Bunsen or other concentrated flame, entrance to the disk is never opposed by the heat. In practice the heat of the flame gradually increases toward the periphery of the disk and extends over the top thereof. As a result the comparatively thin body of water at the converging Walls or attenuated portion of said disk is heated to a high degree, while the water in the center of the disk is comparatively cold. The tendency of the heated water is to rise and upon contacting with the v periphery thereof. The hot water taking precedence over the cold, the latter is prevented from passing directly through thecore of the disk. Therefore only hot water can escape from the disk. The naturaldisposit ion of the flame toconverge to the center is unopposed by the top of the disk, resulting in the whole surface of the disk top and bottom receiving the maximum power of the flame without in the least diminishing the natural draft thereof.

While it is preferred to construct the disk integrally, obviously it could be built up of sheet metalhowever not without the practical certainty of leaky joints therein.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 1 is the more powerful in results because of the increased heating-surface in the central passage C and the'exposed surface of the pipe D which is purchased by the increased first cost incident to departing from the conventional type of boiler.

Having thus described this invention, what is claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

1. A water-heater comprising a boiler with its bottom set above the lower edge of the shell, a flue extending longitudinally therethrough, a hollow coniform heating-disk arranged in the lower end of said flue, a pipe communicating between said disk and the lower end of said boiler, a pipe leading from the top of said disk upwardly through said flue, a hot-water-service-system pipe communicating with said boiler and also communicating with the pipe leading from the said flue, and meansfor heating said disk and the bottom of the boiler.

2. A water-heater comprising a vertical boiler having inlet and outlets at the top; a hollow coniform heating-disk with a pipe connection from the bottom of the boiler to the bottom of the disk, and a pipe connection leading from the top of the disk upwardly through the bottom of the boiler to the top portion thereof; a burner supported by the pipe connection to the bottom of the disk, and adapted to deliver its heat against the disk, and the bottom of the boiler.

3. A water-heater comprising a plurality of hollow coniform heating-disks, having a horizontal bottom with a central inlet-opening therethrough, and a conical top converging from the periphery to the center opening, tierods extending between the top and bottom walls of said disk, and pipe-nipples between said disks, and pipe connections leading into the bottom disk, and out of the top disk; and a burner supported by the pipe leading into the bottom disk.

4- In a water-heater, the combination with a vertical boiler, of a flue extending longitudinally through the same, a thin hollow receptacle constituting a water-spreading means arranged beneath the bottom of said boiler, a tube extending beneath said water-spreading means and communicating between the same and the bottom of the boiler, a heater carried by said tube in position for directing its heat out the length of the flue and communicating, at its upper end, directly with the service system, means for supplying Water to said 5 water-spreading means, and means for heating said water-spreading means.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 4th dayof December, 1903.

JAMES MGOARTNEY.

Witnesses: v

BALDWIN VALE, A. J. HENRY. 

